paper
Deterministic Execution and Fixed-Cost Transaction Models in Layer-1 Blockchain Infrastructure
Blockchain infrastructure has evolved significantly since the introduction of decentralized peer-to-peer transaction systems. However, many modern Layer-1 blockchain architectures continue to rely on variable fee markets, transaction prioritization mechanisms, and auction-based execution environments that introduce operational unpredictability, execution uncertainty, and systemic inefficiencies for decentralized applications, enterprise systems, and autonomous machine interactions. This paper explores deterministic execution models and fixed-cost transaction architectures as an alternative framework for blockchain infrastructure design.